Radiator



June 13, 1933. A. H. DAVIS, JR., ET AL RADIATOR Filed Sept. ll, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet l lflllll,

Q WHW WITNESSES June 13, 1933. A. H. DAVIS, JR., ET AL l 1,914,196

RADIATOR Filed Sept. 1l, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 wnmesses im NVE-dom: l 6MM/(Mba, @LM H SGM/1f June 13, 1933.

A. H. DAVIS, JR., ET AL RADIATOR Filed Sept. 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS @LW #mi BMWA? l poemW 67 "hun wn asses j and Patented June 13, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AIRCHIBAILB DAVIS'J'R., 0F NEW CASTLE, .AND PAXSON WINSBOROUGH, OF PITTS- BURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS T SHAW-PERKINS MANUFACTURING COM- PANY, 'OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA RADIATOR Application inta yseptember 11, 1931. serial No. 562,305.

This invention relates generally to heat exchange apparatus and particularly to radiators of improved construction for heating the rooms of buildings.

It is an object of this invention to provide a self-contained radiator and cabinet so constructed that it constitutes a unitary article. Another object of the inventionl is to provide a unitary radiator structure that 'presents a smooth and attractive exterior surface, functioning both as a cabinet and as an active radiating surface. A more general object of the "invention is to provide a heating radiator that may be economically manufactured, the heating surfaces of which may be easily cleaned, so constructed that its exposed parts are not heated to objectionably high temperatures in operation with normal low pressure steam or hot water. Another object is to provide a radiator made up of sections, t-he front, back and top of each section being formed from one sheet of metal. A further object is to provide a self-containing radiator and cabinet, constructed orv similar sections joined to constitute a unitary structure.

In accordance with this invention in constructing a radiator, there is used, a heat# ing element such as a tube for conducting heated fluid, and enclose the heating element in a sectional cabinet or extended surface structure, each section of which preferably constitutes a continuous front, top, and) back portion, preferably supported by means of a transverse plate mounted on the heating element. Suitable openings are provided for ingress and egress of air to permit circulation through the sections, and intermediate.

vertically disposed plates are provided in cach section to aid in transferring heat from the heating element to the air Within the section.

The foregoing and otherobjects of the invention that will ,become ap arent upon further considering this speci cation, may be achieved by the structures described herein and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. l is a general perspective view of a radiator embodying our invention mounted on the wall of a room;

Fig. 2 is a view in front elevation of the radiator, with interior parts indicated in dotted lines, showing the construction in greater detall;

Fig. 3 is aview in end elevation of the radiator shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a view in vertical cross-section showing wall attachments, taken on the plane represented by the line IV-IV in ig; 5 is an enlarged view in Across-section of a portion of the radiator taken on the plane represented` by the line V-V in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a view in horizontal section similar to Fig. 5, showing another type of joint between the 4sections of the radiator;

Fig. 7 is a view similarl to Fig. 6 showing another type of joint between the sections;

Fig. 8 is a view in perspective of one sectionof the radiator structure of a preferred structure without edge joints;

Fig. 9 is a View, similar to Fig. 8, of section of a radiator made in accordance 2 with a modification of our invention;

Fig. l0 is a View in front elevation of a `portion of a modied type of radiator showing intermediate or each section;

Fig. 11 is a view `in vertical section of the radiator shown in Fig. taken on the plane represented by the line XI-XI;

Fig. 12 is a view in elevation of a modified intermediate' plate adapted to be joined to the heating element by an inserted disc;

plates extending to the top Fig. 13 is a view in vertical section taken' on the plane represented by the line XIII- XIII in Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. 12 of another modification of the intermediate plate;

Fig..15 is a View taken on the plane represented bythe line XV--XV of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a View in perspective of a section of a radiator embodying a modification of the invention;

Fig. 17 is-a View in front elevation of a portion of a' modified radiator having a single heating tube;

Fig. 18 is an elevation of a portion of a radiator having a-modi'ed end section;

Fig. 19 is a viewin perspective of sections of a radiator embodying a further modificw, Ition;

a Fig. 20 is a View in pers ective of a radia-l tor made up of the modi ed sections shown in Fig. 19, and

Fig. 21 is a verticallsection of a detach-I' able grilled plate adapted to be inserted in the` openings in front of the radiator cabinet as shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4.

Referring more particularly'to Fig..1 ofA the drawings, the radiatorvembodying our invention may be mounted on the Wall 1 of a room in any convenient position, for instance beneath a window 2 and above a base-board 3. Steam or other heating fluid. may be admitted to the radiator through av turnpipe 7 for draining liquid from the radiator. The radiator may be installed with fittings of other types or connected di- I rectly to the pipes without a valve or trap according to standard practice -As best shown in Fig. 2, the radiator cornprises a plurality of similar sections 1l, each of which constitutes a continuous front, top and back portion. When joined together as shown, the sections co'nstitute a smooth and substantially continuous exterior cabinetlike structure. Within the cabinet thus formed is provided a heating element, preferably a tube 12 of drawn copper, comprising one or more runs as shown in Fig. 2 in dotted lines connected to the valve 5 through which the steam or other heating fluid from the supply pipe 4 circulates.

To permit air to pass upward through the sections, the bottom of each section 11 is left`open as shown in Fig. 4 to provide an inlet opening 18. Suitable outlet openings 14 are provided in convenient position at or near the tops of the sections, preferably in the front thereof as shown in Fig. 2. Each section thus constitutesjn effect a flue for inducing the circulation of air past the hot tube 12.

In addition to the heat provided by convection currents through the sections, the exterior of each section radiates heat directly into the room.

As shown in Fig. 8, each section 11 is provided with a side wall or cross plate 15 integrally joined to one edge of the front, top, and-back portion, and provided with a plurality of openings 16 through which the runs of the tube 12 pass. The openings 16 are provided with pressed flanges which engage the exterior of' the tubes 12- to make heat-transferring contact therewith/in such manner that heat is conducted from the tube Lerares 12 through the transverse plate 415 to all surfaces of each section 11.l

When steam is the heatingmedium within y the tube 12, the exterior of the section 11,

being spaced some distance from the tube,

is not brought to the temperature of the steam, but remains' at a substantially lower temperature-`y This gives full effectiveair heat-ing but avoids thedanger of personal l contact with hot steam pipes. In this manner` the sections constitute a guard 4for the high temperature tube 12. This is particularly desirable in the event that the radiator is used in a system employing high pressure,

high temperature steam, as direct radiation from an exposed high temperature heating element is uncomfortable to persons` near the heating element. p

The tube 12 is preferably made of drawn copper, or other non-corrosive metal, and in this linstance-it is bent and joined in such manner that it is doubled back .upon itself to make a pluralityof turns or runs longitudinally of the radiator as shown in Fig. 2. Any number of runs of tubing may be used, or the heating element may comprise a single tube only, as shown in Fig. 17.

To assist in transferring heat vfrom the tube 12 to the ai-r within the radiator, aplurality of intermediate vplates or fins 17 are provided within each section. AsY best shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the intermediate plates 17 are provided with openings 18 that register with the openings 16 in the sections 11 for receiving the various runs of the tube' 12. The intermediate plates 17 may `be somewhat smaller than t e side plates 15 of theI sectionsll and consequently they may 5 each section.v 11 is provided withl three.

intermediate plates, but any convenient 'number of intermediate plates may be provided as circumstances may suggest, or for certain conditions theintermediate plates may be dispensed with.

The intermediate plates 17 may extend the entire height of the sections 11 as shown in Figs. 10 and 11,in which case they provide a grill at the openings 14 that enhances the appearance of the radiator. 0r they may be limited in height, as shown in Figs. 2 and'4 to such extent that they do'not pass above the bottom of the outlet openings 14 in the sections.

If desirable the plates may be made still shorter to engage only the single tube shown in Fig. 17, or plates of various lengths and sizes may be intermixed.

In constructing a radiator in accordance 4 fs pressing, drawing punching it from a suitable single sheet-of metal. By another method, the sectionsfrmay be made from flatas sheet copper, aluminum, or steel. We

have found that the inexpensive grades .of i

manufacturing sheet steel may be utilized for the intermediate plates With satisfactory results. v

After the individual sections and plates have been formed they may be assembled and held in their` relative positions by any suitable frame, and the tube 12 inserted through the openings 16 and 18 in the cross plates '15 and the intermediate plates 17 re spectively.

As shown in Fig. 2, the tube 12 is preferably made being bent in U-shape and another part being a plain straight tube. The U-shaped part may be inserted from one end of the structure through two of the openings 16 and joined at the other end of the radiator, by a suitable return bend connection 19, to

the straight portion of the tube that consti-v tutes the third run or turn. thereof through the radiator. Although only three horizontal runs of tubing are shown, any suitable number may be utilized as desired.

After the sections 11 have been thus assembled on the tube 12, Vsuitable end plates.

or end sections 21 may be fitted to each end pf the radiator. The end plates 21 are adapt- 0 ed to fit within the open sides of thesections 1l and to enable them to be attached at each end of the radiator, one of the sections 11, shown at the left end of the radiator in Fig. 5, is reversed.

After the radiator has been assembled, thevarious parts may be held together by various means. For instahce, the entire radiator may be dipped in a galvanizing bath, the joints may be individually soldered, or the tube 12 maybe expanded by\fiuid pressure to tightly engage the openings 16 and 18 in the sections and intermediate plates.

The outlet openings 14 may be left plain, or suitable perforated detachable grill plates 22 may be applied to them in any desired kmanner, as shown in Fig. 2, to provide deco- `rative effect. By varying the design of grill plates 22 theI appearance of the radiator may be changed to secure special decorative effects. These grilled plates may be conveniently attached by having integral tongues 22a formed at the top and bottom thereof. These tongues are bent to form a hump 22?), which is adapted to snap into engagement intwo or more parts, one part` withfthe bounding as .shown in Fi 21.-

plain and permitted to abut against the rounded corners ofthe next section as shown as shown inFig. 5, or theV corners of each section may be indented or recessed as shown Fig. 6 to receive the edges of the adjacent section in such manner-#that they are firmly supported against injury from externally applied forces.L c

If it is ydesirable to provide a panelledeffect to the exterior o f the radiator, of the sections 11 may be bent inwardly, as shown in Fig. 7, to match theroundedcorners of the adjacent section and toprovide edge of the openings 14,

the -edges f The edges o each section 11 may be` left l ductivity and having central openings, may

be secured within relatively large openings 26 in the plates 17, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13. The tubes 12 are passed through the central openings in the disks 25, and, because of the high conductivity of the metal in they disks, heatvis readily transmitted from the tubes 12- through the disks to the plates 15 and 17, which are ordinarily made of steel.

A similar effect may be obtained by means of the structure shown in Figs. 14 and 15, in which the transverse plates 17 are provided with enlarged fianged openings 16 for receiving the tubes 12. Disks 27 of copper or similar material, having fianged openings I and the trap 6 may be left exposed, as shown in Fig. 2, in accordance with the usual practice, or'they may be housed within special vend sections 31, as shown'in Fig. 18. The special end sections 31 are of the same general cross section as the maii sections 11 and may be attached to the main body of the radiator by any suitable means. If it is desired to make the Iradiator of rectangular shape ingeneral outline, the end sections 31 may be rmade equal in height to the main sections 11 and they may be provided with outlet openings 14, or their front panels may be left plain without openings, as shown.v

To provide another effect to the exterior of the radiator, one or more end sections 31 of height less than the height of the radiator may be applied as shown in Fig. 18, thereby giving a stepped or setback-appeartoni open.

ance in accordance vwith, the modern tendency in architectural design.

A modificationC of the radiator yis shown in Fig. 16 in which main sections 33 are formed by bending a flat plate to provide front and back wa lsy with the top and bot- In height the sections 33 may be4 substantially equal tothat of the intermediate plates 17, as shown, or they may be made of any suitable height for receiving any desired'number of runs of the tube 12. The radiator may be made up of sections 33 and plates 17 mounted on tubes 12-and suspended in such manner that the top and bottoml are disposed to permit circulation Lei/sica y i i .attached to thewall by screws 102 and 103, drespectively. A hook-bolt 104 engages the rear radiator wall. A seating member 105, ad]ustable vin height b a threaded member 106, supports the un er rear edge of the' ent statutes, it will be understood that the of air/ If desired, a topor cabinet portion 34'may be applied to the sections 33 to enhance the appearance of the lradiator. The top 34 may be in sections corresponding to the sections 33 or it may be in one unit ex- I tending the full length of -the radiator and fastened in position in any suitable' manner.

As shown in Fig. 17, the radiator may be made with a heating element that comprises a single tube 12 extending from one end to the bther,J preferably along the bottom of the radiator. Small intermediate plates 36 may bey utilized with #the single tube, as

' shown. The tube may, if desired,'have a return bend or bends above the plates 36..

This `gives increased stack effect, and a lighter structure. .i

I The radiator may be constructed in another form as shown in general in Figs? 19 and 20. The radiator there shown i's made up in a 'manner similar to that shown in Fig. 2 with the exception that the individual sections 41 are` made with square corners instead of being rounded. As shown, each of the sections 41 isl somewhat narrower than the sections, 11, and at its upper'end, a'

portion of the front wall is entirely cut away to provide an air outlet'opening 44. By making the sections 41 somewhat narrower, their .sides ortransverse plates 45 descriptive terms utilized are for purposes of explanation only and'that they are not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention defined in the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A radiator` comprising a tube for conducting fiuid, a housing for the radiator formed from an integral sheet of metal constituting front, top, back and end portions, said end portion being in heat-conducting engagement with the tube.

2. A self-contained cabinet radiator comprising pressed metal sections each constituting integral front, back and top portions, and fluid-conducting tubes connected in heatconducting relation to the metal sections. l

3. A lself-contained `cabinet radiator com-V prising pressed metal sections each constituting integral front, `back and top portions, fluid-*conducting tubes connected in heat-conducting relation to the metal sections, and an opening near the top of each section for permitting egress of heated air from the radiator.

4. A radiator of the extended surface type comprising a tubular heating element, and plates in heat-conducting contact with said heating element and extending substantialn ly atright angles thereto, the edges of said plates being formed at right angles to the main surface of the plates, said formed edges extending substantially to the next plate to -form a back, top and front inclosure around are brought closely together and if it is de,

sired to do so the intermediate plates may be dispensed with all together. To a sist the tubular heating element, f and having openings to allow entrance to and exit of .heated air from the interior of said inthe circulation of air through the sectie s a suitable baille plate 46 may be mounted in the upper part of each section as shown in Fig. 19. The sections 41 may be secured to the tubes 12 in anyv suitable manner andsuitable end sections 47 may be attached to enclose'the tube bends at the ends of the radiator. i

The radiators may be mounted on a Wall by brackets similar to those shown `in Fig.' 4, or legs 48 may be applied, preferably to the end sec/tions 46 as shown in Fig. 20, for supporting the radiator on .the floor in the usual manner. As shown in Fig. 4, the radiator mav be attached to a wall by means of lower bracket 100 and upper bracket 101,

closure.

5. A radiator of the extended surface type comprising a tubular heating element, prim-A ary plates in heat-,conducting contact with said heating element and extending substantially at right angles thereto, the edges of said plates being formed at right ailgles to the main surface of the plates; a secondary series of narrower plates also in heat-conducting contact with said, heating element and interposed between said primary plates, the for-med edges of each primary plate extending substantially to the next primaryplate to form a back, top', and front inclosure around said heating element and around said secondary plates and having openings to allow entrance to and exit of heated air from the interior of said inclosure.

6. A radiator comprising a heating element and a'cabinet composed of a plurality of sections each having a wall constituting 'a substantially continuous outside surface 51 forming a back, top, and front inclosure around the heating element, said outside surface being connected at intervals to the interior heating element by heat-conducting contacts and having openings for the exit of heated air from the interior of said cabinet.

7. A radiator comprisinga heating element, a series of sections constituting a cabinet inclosing the heating element, said sections comprising a` series of plates the edges of which are formed at right angles to the main surface and with the formed edge of each section extending substantially to the next section, the said formed edges of plates forming the front, top, and back of the cabinet, the unformed surface of said sections being attached in a heat-conducting manner to the said heating element. i

8. A combination radiator and cabinet comprising a tubular heating element, groups of fiat plates in heat-conducting contact with said heating element, and a series of cabinet sections oeach of which `forms a back, top, and front inclosure around a portion of the tubular heating element and one group of plates, said cabinet sections being individually connected tothe tubular heating element in a heat-conducting manner, each cabinet section being provided with an opening to allow the exit of heated air -from the interior of the section.

9. A radiator comprising a tube for conducting Aheated fluid, and extended surface plates mounted in heat-transferring manner on said tube, the vertical edges of said plates being bent to form vertical ues and ai separate box-like cabinet structure havingA air outlet openings mounted on the upper ends of said plates. v

10. A radiator comprising tubes for conducting a heat-transferring iuid,A a cabinet for said tubes, comprising sheet metal sections each bent to form a front and back wall and a transverse wall adapted to en- 5.0 lgage the tubes, and a separate top member aving openings for exit of hot air adapted to seat on said sectionsand to complete the cabinet. 11. A radiator comprising a tubular memmetal shell surroundin the tubular membcr'forming flues exten ing thereabove and having openings near the tops of said lues, and detachable grilled plates adapted to seat rative e ect o lsaid radlator exterior.

12. A self-contained cabinet radiator c'omprising pressed metal sections each constituting integral front, back and trip portions,

e5 fluid-conducting tubes connecte wa11 leading to an opening in the front wa ber for conducting a heating fluid, a ,sheet in said cienin s, whereby to varythe deco- C 1n heatj y conducting relation to the metal sections,

an opening near the to of each section for permitting e ressA of air from the radiator, and heat-con ucting plates threaded on said tubes between but out of contact with said sections and havin their upper ends positioned beneath sai openings.

. 18. A selfcontained cabinet radiator com-` prising pressed metal sections each constituting integral front, back and to portions, Huid-conducting tubes connected) in heatconducting relation to the metal sections, the upper portions of the front wall of each section being cut free except at the up er front edges thereof, said cut-free portion eing bent inward and backward to form an inclined partition extending across the sections constituting an outwardly delectin' A of the section formed by the displacement bf the said folded back ortion.

14. A self-contained cal inet radiator comprising pressed metal sections each constituting integral front, backand to portions, Huid-conducting tubes connected) 1n heat- 90 conducting relation to said metal sections, each section being formed of a seamless boxlike member having openings in its lower end for ,admission of air, and in its front wall for egress of air, and in its sidewall for passage of the heat-conducting tubes therethrough.

15. A self-contained cabinet radiator comprising pressed metal sections each constituting integral front, back, and topv portions, and g fluid-conducting tubes connected in heat-conductingrelation to said metal sections, said sections having side and end members integral with the body portion thereof and folded .to perpendicular position with respect to the main body portion of the blank to form a box-like'section.

16. A radiator comprising a tube for conductin heated fluid, sheet metal collars of f high eat-conductivity characteristics attached ed ewise to the tube and extending radially t erefrom, and extended surface plates attached to the outer edges of the collars.

In testimony whereof, we hereunto sign our names.

ARCHIBALD H. DAVIS, JR. PAXSONl WINSBOROUGH. 

